Anatomy Lecture 02 (General Anatomy) Blood vessel,Lymphatic system,Membranes of body,Cartilage,Joints
TYPES OF SYNOVIAL JOINT
- Plane joint
- Hinge joint
- Pivot joint
- Condyloid joint
- Ellipsoid joint
- Saddle joint
- Ball and socket joint
Synovial Joints
| Types of joints | Description | Possible movement | Example |
| Fibrous | Articulating bones fastened together by a thin layer of dense connective tissues containing many collagen fibers | ||
| 1.Syndesmosis
(Amphiarthrotic) | Bones bounded by interosseous ligament | Joint flexible and may be twisted | Tibiofibular articulation |
| 2.Suture
(Synarthrotic) | Flat bones united by sutural ligament | None | Parietal bones articulate at saggital suture of skull |
| 3.Gomphosis
(Synarthrotic) | Cone-shaped process fastened in bony socket by periodontal ligament | None | Root of tooth united with mandible |
| Cartilaginous | Articulating bones connected by hyaline cartilage of fibrocartilage | ||
| 1.Synchondrosis
(Synarthrotic) | Bones united by bands of hyaline cartilage | None | Joint between the first rib and the mandible |
| 2.Symphosis
(Amphiarthrotic) | Articular surfaces of bones are covered by hyaline cartilage and the bones are connected by a pad of fibrocartilage | Limited movement, as when the back is bent or twisted | Joints between bodies of vertebrae |
| Synovial
(Diarthrotic) | Articulating end of bones surrounded by a joint capsule; articular bone ends covered by hyaline cartilage and separated by synovial fluid | ||
| 1.Ball and socket | Ball-shaped head of one bone articulate with cup-shaped socket of another | Movements in all planes( Multiaxial), including rotation | Shoulder, hip |
| 2. Condylar | Oval-shaped condyle of one bone articulate with elliptical cavityof another | Variety of movements in two planes (biaxial) but no rotation | Joints between metacarpals and phalanges |
| 3.Plane | Articulating surfaces are nearly flat or slightly curved | Sliding or twisting | Wrist , ankle |
| 4. Hing | Convex surface on one bone articulate with concave surface of another | Flexion and extension (uniaxial) | Elbow , joints of phalanges |
| 5. Pivot | Cylindrical surfaces of one bone articulates with ring of bone and ligament | Rotation (uniaxial) | Joints between proximal ends of radius and ulna |
| 6. Saddle | Articulating surfaces have both concave and convex regions; surface of one bone fits the complementary surface of another | Variety of movements, mainly in two planes (Biaxial) | Joint between carpal and metacarpal of thumb |
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